Vocal Cord Dysfunction

What is vocal cord dysfunction (VCD)?

When you have vocal cord dysfunction your vocal cords (in your voice box) do not open correctly. It is also called Paradoxical Vocal Fold Dysfunction (PVFD).

When your vocal cords squeeze together tightly it causes a problem with your breathing. Your vocal cords should be open and relaxed.

vocal cord open

vocal cord closed

How does this happen?

VCD usually happens when you exercise. It can also happen when you do a stressful activity.

It can occur while you breathe-in and breathe-out. It feels like your throat is closing up.

What causes VCD?

It may be brought on by:

• exercise

• reflux

• stress

• panic

It can be mistaken for asthma. Both asthma and VCD can lead to wheezing and trouble breathing.  Many people with asthma also have VCD. VCD can occur alone or with asthma.

Symptoms of VCD

• Tightness in your throat or upper chest

• Noisy breathing

• Wheezing

• Trouble swallowing

• Shortness of breath

• A feeling that you can’t get air in

• Hoarseness

What can be done?

Speech therapy can help your VCD. The speech-language pathologist will work with your doctor. Your doctor will treat any medical related problems you have. 

A speech-language pathologist will teach you how to gain control of your breathing. This will help you open and close your vocal cords.

If stress brings on your VCD, relaxation techniques may help you. Talk to your health care provider about ways to reduce stress.

Adapted from: The Source for Children's Voice Disorders